EPA OAR/OAQPS/EMAEMC: OAQPS-23: Dioxins and Furans in Air Emission Combustor Wastes by HRGC-HRMS

Summary
Analytes
Revision
Data and Sites

Official Method Name

Method 23 - Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from Municipal Waste Combustors

Current Revision

1995

Media

AIR

Instrumentation

Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry Detection

Method Subcategory

Organic

Method Source

EPA OAR/OAQPS/EMAEMC

Citation

The official copy of this method is available at 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 60, Appendix A. The CFR can be accessed on-line at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html

Brief Method Summary

A sample is withdrawn isokinetically from the gas stream and collected in the sample probe, on a glass fiber filter, and on a packed column of adsorbent material. The sample cannot be separated into a particle and vapor fraction. The PCDD's and PCDF's are extracted from the sample, separated by high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC), and measured by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).

Scope and Application

This method is applicable to the determination or polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD's) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF's) in air emissions from stationary sources.

Applicable Concentration Range

Varies with Analyte

Interferences

None Specified

Quality Control Requirements

(A) Internal Standard Percent Recoveries. A group of nine carbon-labeled PCDDs and PCDFs representing the tetra- through octachlorinated homologues, is added to every sample prior to extraction. The role of the internal standards is to quantify the native PCDD's and PCDF's present in the sample as well as to determine the overall method efficiency.

(B) Surrogate Standard Recoveries/Sampling Train Collection Efficiency Check. Five surrogate compounds are added to the resin in the adsorbent sampling cartridge before the sample is collected. The surrogate recoveries are measured relative to the internal standards and are a measure of the collection efficiency.

(C) Toluene QA Rinse: The adsorbent must be checked for residual toluene prior to use.

(D)Audit Sample Requirement: When the method is used to analyze samples to demonstrate compliance with a source emission regulation, an audit sample must be analyzed, subject to availability. Analyze an audit sample with each set of compliance samples. The audit sample contains tetra through octa isomers of PCDD and PCDF. Concurrently analyze the audit sample and a set of compliance samples in the same manner to evaluate the technique of the analyst and the standards preparation. The same analyst, analytical reagents, and analytical system shall be used both for the compliance samples and the EPA audit sample.

Sample Handling

Elaborate sampling procedures, including sampling train diagrams, are provided in the method.

Maximum Holding Time

Relative Cost

Unknown

Sample Preparation Methods

This method has 16 analytes associated with it.

Analyte	Detection Level	Bias	Precision
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(35822-46-9) 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HEPTACHLORODIBENZODIOXIN 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachloro-	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran(67562-39-4) 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzofuran 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran(55673-89-7) 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-Heptachlorodibenzofuran 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(39227-28-6) 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo[1,4]dioxin 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro- Hexachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin,1,2,3,4,7,8-	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(70648-26-9) 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF Dibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro-	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(57653-85-7) 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(57117-44-9) 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(19408-74-3) 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, mixture Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin,123789	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran(72918-21-9) 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzofuran 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(40321-76-4) 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 1,2,3,7,8-PeDD 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzodioxin	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran(57117-41-6) 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran(57117-31-4) 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran Pentachlorodibenzofurans	2.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(1746-01-6) 2,3,7,8-TCDD 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Dibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro- Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro- Dioxin Tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxin,2,3,7,8-	0.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran(51207-31-9) 2,3,7,8-TCDF 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran Dibenzofuran, 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-	0.500 ug/L	N/A	N/A
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(3268-87-9) 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Dibenzo-p-dioxin, octachloro- Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin, octachloro- OCDD Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins	5.000 ug/L	N/A	N/A
Octachlorodibenzofuran(39001-02-0) Dibenzofuran, octachloro- OCDF Octachlorodibenzofuran Perchlorodibenzofuran	5.000 ug/L	N/A	N/A

Precision Descriptor Notes:
Detection Level Note:	The limits presented represent the lowest calibration point for a standard. Method 23 also provides an equation for calculating the mininum detectable limit.

Revision	PDF/Link
1995

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EPA OAR/OAQPS/EMAEMC: OAQPS-23: Dioxins and Furans in Air Emission Combustor Wastes by HRGC-HRMS

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